Federal explosive regulations require explosives storage magazines to be located certain minimum distances from inhabited buildings, public highways, passenger railways, and other magazines based on the quantity of explosive materials in each magazine. These tables of distances were adopted to protect the public in the event of a magazine explosion.
-
Tables of distances apply to the outdoor storage of explosive materials.
-
When determining the distance from a magazine to a highway, an individual must measure from the nearest edge of the magazine to the nearest edge of the highway.
-
If any two or more magazines are separated by less than the specified distance, then the weights in the magazines must be combined and considered as one.
-
Each type of explosive has a specific table of distance.
Tables of Distances
Explosives
- Applying Table of Distances at 555.218 and 555.220
- 555.218 Table of distances for storage of explosive materials (high)
- 555.219 Table of distances for storage of low explosives
- 555.220 Table of distances of ammonium nitrate and blasting agents from explosives or blasting agents
Fireworks
- 555.222 Table of distances between fireworks process buildings and between fireworks process and fireworks non-process buildings
- 555.223 Table of distances between fireworks process buildings and other specified areas
- 555.224 Table of distances for the storage of display fireworks
Explosives
Applying Table of Distances at § 555.218 and § 555.220
The keys to applying these tables to donor/acceptor relationships are the net explosive weight (NEW) of the donor; the distances between magazines; the type of materials in the donor magazine; and the type of materials in the acceptor magazine. When storing high explosives (HE), blasting agents (BA) and ammonium nitrate (AN):
| Type of Materials | Table 218 | Table 220 |
|---|---|---|
| Detonators | Use for distances from detonator magazine to other HE storage (detonators are always the donor) | When detonators are located near BA or AN, use detonator weight under table 220. Detonator magazine is always the donor. |
| HE near HE | Always used | Never used |
| BA near BA | Never used | Reduced sensitivity of BA acceptor is accounted for by table Multiply the minimum distance by 6 if unbarricaded. The higher BA weight must be used as the donor. |
| BA near AN | Never used | Use BA weight under 220 as the donor Use the proper column for acceptor (AN) (reduced sensitivity of AN acceptor is accounted for by table)?AN cannot be the donor in this relationship Multiply the minimum distance by 6 if unbarricaded |
| HE near BA or AN | Calculate using BA weight as donor under 218 HE is the acceptor for this calculation (greater sensitivity is accounted for by table). |
Calculate using HE weight as donor under 220. BA or AN is the acceptor in this relationship Use the proper column for the acceptor (BA or AN) (reduced sensitivity of acceptor is accounted for by table) Multiply distance by 6 if unbarricaded.
|
Use the table at 555.218 to determine the required distance for the storage of blasting agents and ammonium nitrate from inhabited buildings, highways and passenger railways.
§ 555.218 Table of distances for storage of explosive materials (high)
When two or more storage magazines are located on the same property, each magazine must comply with the minimum distances specified from inhabited buildings, railways, and highways, and, in addition, they should be separated from each other by not less than the distances shown for "Separation of Magazines," except that the quantity of explosives contained in cap magazines shall govern in regard to the spacing of said cap magazines from magazines containing other explosives. If any two or more magazines are separated from each other by less than the specified "Separation of Magazines" distances, then such two or more magazines, as a group, must be considered as one magazine.
Interactive calculator for 555.218
§ 555.219 Table of distances for storage of low explosives
| Pounds Over | Pounds Not Over | From Inhabited building distance (feet) | From public railroad and highway distance (feet) | From above ground magazine (feet) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1,000 | 75 | 75 | 50 |
| 1,000 | 5,000 | 115 | 115 | 75 |
| 5,000 | 10,000 | 150 | 150 | 100 |
| 10,000 | 20,000 | 190 | 190 | 125 |
| 20,000 | 30,000 | 215 | 215 | 145 |
| 30,000 | 40,000 | 235 | 235 | 155 |
| 40,000 | 50,000 | 250 | 250 | 165 |
| 50,000 | 60,000 | 260 | 260 | 175 |
| 60,000 | 70,000 | 270 | 270 | 185 |
| 70,000 | 80,000 | 280 | 280 | 190 |
| 80,000 | 90,000 | 295 | 295 | 195 |
| 90,000 | 100,000 | 300 | 300 | 200 |
| 100,000 | 200,000 | 375 | 375 | 250 |
| 200,000 | 300,000 | 450 | 450 | 300 |
Interactive calculator for 555.219
§ 555.220 Table of distances of ammonium nitrate and blasting agents from explosives or blasting agents
Ammonium nitrate, by itself, is not considered to be a donor when applying this table. ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) or combinations thereof are acceptors. If stores of AN are located within the sympathetic detonation distance of explosives or blasting agents, one-half the mass of the AN is to be included in the mass of the donor.
Interactive calculator for 555.220
Use the table at § 555.218 to determine required minimum distances from inhabited buildings, passenger railways, and public highways.
Fireworks
Requirements for display fireworks, pyrotechnic compositions, and explosive materials used in assembling fireworks or articles pyrotechnic (excluding those in the process of manufacture, assembly, packaging, or transport).
No more than 500 pounds (227 kg) of pyrotechnic compositions or explosive materials are permitted at one time in any fireworks mixing building, any building or area in which the pyrotechnic compositions or explosive materials are pressed or otherwise prepared for finishing or assembly, or any finishing or assembly building. All pyrotechnic compositions or explosive materials not in immediate use will be stored in covered, non-ferrous containers.
The maximum quantity of flash powder permitted in any fireworks process building is 10 pounds (4.5 kg).
All dry explosive powders and mixtures, partially assembled display fireworks, and finished display fireworks must be removed from fireworks process buildings at the conclusion of a day's operations and placed in approved magazines.
§ 555.222 Table of distances between fireworks process buildings and between fireworks process and fireworks non-process buildings
| Net weight (pounds) of fireworks, i.e. all pyrotechnic compositions, explosive materials and fuse only | Display fireworks (feet) - barricaded; double distance if unbarricaded | Consumer fireworks (feet) - process buildings where consumer fireworks or articles pyrotechnic are processed |
|---|---|---|
| 0-100 | 57 | 37 |
| 101-200 | 69 | 37 |
| 201-300 | 77 | 37 |
| 301-400 | 85 | 7 |
| 401-500 | 91 | 37 |
| Above 500 | Not permitted | Not permitted |
Interactive calculator for 555.222
Fireworks Process Building
-
While consumer fireworks or articles pyrotechnic in a finished state are exempt, explosive materials used to manufacture or assemble such fireworks or articles are subject to regulation. Fireworks process buildings where consumer fireworks or articles pyrotechnic are being manufactured or processed must meet table of distance requirements.
-
A maximum of 500 pounds of in-process pyrotechnic compositions, either loose or in partially-assembled fireworks, is permitted in any fireworks process building.
-
Finished display fireworks may not be stored in a fireworks process building.
-
A maximum of 10 pounds of flash powder, either in loose form or in assembled units, is permitted in any fireworks process building. Quantities in excess of 10 pounds must be kept in an approved magazine.
§ 555.223 Table of distances between fireworks process buildings and other specified areas
| Net weight (pounds) of fireworks, i.e. all pyrotechnic compositions, explosive materials and fuse only | Display fireworks (feet) | Consumer fireworks (feet) - process buildings where consumer fireworks or articles pyrotechnic are processed |
|---|---|---|
| 0-100 | 200 | 25 |
| 101-200 | 200 | 50 |
| 201-300 | 200 | 50 |
| 301-400 | 200 | 50 |
| 401-500 | 200 | 50 |
| Above 500 | Not permitted | Not permitted |
Interactive calculator for 555.223
When calculating the distance from passenger railways, public highways, fireworks plant buildings used to store consumer fireworks and articles pyrotechnic, magazines and fireworks shipping buildings, and inhabited buildings:
-
This table does not apply to the separation distances between fireworks process buildings (see § 555.222) and between magazines (see tables at §§ 555.218 and 555.224).
-
The distances in this table apply with or without artificial or natural barricades or screen barricades. However, the use of barricades is highly recommended.
-
No work of any kind, except to place/move items other than explosive materials from storage, may be conducted in any building designated as a warehouse. Fireworks plant warehouses are not subject to §§ 555.222 or 555.223.
§ 555.224 Table of distances for the storage of display fireworks (for bulk salutes, use table at § 555.218)
For the purposes of applying this table, the term "magazine" also includes fireworks shipping buildings for display fireworks.
| Net weight (pounds) of firework, i.e. all pyrotechnic compositions, explosive materials and fuse only | Distance between magazine and inhabited building, passenger railway, or public highway (feet) | Distance between magazines (feet) |
|---|---|---|
| 0-1000 | 150 | 100 |
| 1,001-5,000 | 230 | 150 |
| 5,001-10,000 | 300 | 200 |
| Above 10,000 | Use Table § 555.218 |
Interactive calculator for 555.224
For fireworks storage magazines in use prior to March 7, 1990, the distances in this table may be halved if properly barricaded between the magazine and potential receptor sites.